Discover the diverse and captivating world of orchids as we explore 20 remarkable varieties suitable for your home.
This article will guide you through each type, highlighting their unique characteristics, origins, and care requirements.
Whether you’re an experienced orchid enthusiast or a beginner looking to expand your houseplant collection, these orchid varieties cater to a range of preferences and skill levels.
So let’s dive into these 20 orchid types and find the perfect match for your indoor garden.
Orchids Growing Tips
- Choose an appropriate potting medium: Orchids typically thrive in well-draining, airy potting mixes, such as bark chips or sphagnum moss, or a blend of both. Experiment to find the perfect mix for your specific orchid type.
- Provide the right lighting conditions: Most orchids prefer bright, indirect light. Take care to protect them from direct sunlight, which can damage their leaves.
- Water wisely: Allow the potting mix to dry out slightly between waterings, as overwatering can lead to root rot. The frequency may vary depending on the orchid variety and environmental conditions.
- Keep humidity levels in check: Aim for a humidity level between 50-70% for most orchids. Using a humidity tray, pebble tray, or a humidifier can help achieve the ideal environment.
- Feed your orchids: Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer specifically designed for orchids every two weeks during the growing season, and reduce the frequency to once a month during their dormant period.
- Promote air circulation: Good air movement is crucial for preventing diseases and promoting healthy growth. Place a small fan nearby or open windows regularly to keep the air fresh around your orchids.
- Repot when required: Orchids typically need repotting every 1-2 years or when the potting medium starts to break down. This process supports a healthy root system and encourages new growth.
20 Different Types of Orchids to Grow
Phalaenopsis Orchid (Phalaenopsis spp.) – Moth Orchid
The Phalaenopsis Orchid, commonly known as the Moth Orchid, is a popular houseplant that originates from Southeast Asia. Their stunning, moth-like blooms captivate plant enthusiasts with a wide range of colors, including white, pink, purple, yellow, and even intricate patterns. Phalaenopsis Orchids are an excellent choice for beginners, as they are relatively low-maintenance and adaptable to various indoor environments.
When it comes to growing tips, these orchids thrive in low to medium light conditions, away from direct sunlight. They prefer temperatures ranging from 60-85°F and humidity levels between 40-70%. Watering should be done once a week or when the potting mix feels dry. Make sure to use a well-draining orchid mix for optimal growth.
- Height: 1-3 feet
- Sunlight: Low to medium, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain humidity at 40-70%, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: Phalaenopsis Orchids can bloom for several months at a time!
Dendrobium Orchid (Dendrobium spp.)
Dendrobium Orchids are an exotic and diverse group of orchids originating from Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. They display a wide array of growth habits, including epiphytic, lithophytic, and terrestrial, depending on the species. The stunning blooms come in various colors, from pure white to vibrant shades of pink, purple, and yellow.
To grow Dendrobium Orchids successfully, provide them with bright, indirect light and maintain moderate humidity levels. These orchids flourish in temperatures between 50-90°F, depending on the species. Water the plant when the potting mix begins to dry out, and ensure a well-draining orchid mix for their roots.
- Height: 1-4 feet
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Moderate humidity, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: There are over 1,000 species of Dendrobium Orchids!
Cattleya Orchid (Cattleya spp.)
Cattleya Orchids, native to Central and South America, are often referred to as the “Queen of Orchids” due to their large, stunning blooms. The flowers come in various colors, including white, pink, purple, red, and yellow. Cattleya Orchids are known for their enchanting fragrance, which makes them a beloved addition to any indoor space.
For successful growth, Cattleya Orchids require bright, indirect light and moderate humidity levels. They thrive in temperatures ranging from 55-85°F. Water the plant when the potting mix begins to dry out and use a well-draining orchid mix to ensure healthy roots.
- Height: 1-3 feet
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain moderate humidity, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: Cattleya Orchids are often used in creating corsages due to their exquisite beauty and fragrance.
Oncidium Orchid (Oncidium spp.) – Dancing Lady Orchid
Originating from the tropical regions of Central and South America, Oncidium Orchids are known for their sprays of small, dainty flowers that resemble dancing ladies. The blooms come in a variety of colors, including yellow, brown, red, and white. These orchids are a popular choice for those looking to add a touch of elegance to their indoor spaces.
Oncidium Orchids need bright, indirect light and moderate to high humidity levels. They grow well in temperatures between 55-85°F. Water the plant when the potting mix starts to dry out and ensure a well-draining orchid mix is used.
- Height: 1-3 feet
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain moderate to high humidity, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: Oncidium Orchids are sometimes called “Dancing Lady Orchids” due to their flower shape.
Paphiopedilum Orchid (Paphiopedilum spp.) – Slipper Orchid
The Paphiopedilum Orchid, commonly known as the Slipper Orchid, is a unique and eye-catching orchid species native to Southeast Asia. The plant is renowned for its slipper-shaped blooms, which come in a range of colors, including green, brown, pink, and purple. Slipper Orchids make a stunning addition to any home or office.
These orchids thrive in low to medium light conditions and prefer moderate humidity levels. Paphiopedilum Orchids grow best in temperatures ranging from 60-80°F. Water the plant when the potting mix begins to dry out and use a well-draining orchid mix to support healthy root growth.
- Height: 1-2 feet
- Sunlight: Low to medium, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain moderate humidity, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: Paphiopedilum Orchids are also called “Venus’ Slippers” because of their unique flower shape.
Cymbidium Orchid (Cymbidium spp.)
Cymbidium Orchids are a captivating choice for houseplant enthusiasts due to their large, showy flowers that come in various colors, and their long, grass-like foliage. Hailing from Asia and Australia, these orchids have a natural grace that brings elegance to any space. They are relatively easy to care for, making them a popular pick among orchid lovers.
These beauties flourish in bright, indirect light and prefer cool temperatures during winter months. To ensure your Cymbidium Orchid thrives, maintain consistent moisture and use a well-draining potting mix to support healthy growth. With a little attention, your Cymbidium Orchid will reward you with stunning, vibrant blooms.
- Height: 12-36 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture, provide cool temperatures in winter
- Fun fact: Cymbidium orchids have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries
Miltonia Orchid (Miltonia spp.) – Pansy Orchid
Miltonia Orchids, also known as Pansy Orchids, are native to Central and South America. These orchids are admired for their flat-faced, pansy-like blooms that come in a variety of colors, including white, pink, purple, red, and yellow. The flowers are often fragrant, making them a popular choice for indoor spaces.
Pansy Orchids prefer bright, indirect light and high humidity levels. They grow well in temperatures between 60-75°F. Water the plant when the potting mix starts to dry out and use a well-draining orchid mix.
- Height: 1-2 feet
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain high humidity, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: Miltonia Orchids are often referred to as “Pansy Orchids” because their flowers resemble garden pansies.
Vanda Orchid (Vanda spp.)
Vanda Orchids are a showstopper with their vibrant, large flowers and aerial root system. Native to Southeast Asia, these epiphytic orchids grow on trees in their natural habitat, making them a strikingly unique addition to any home. However, their care requirements can be more demanding than other orchids, so they are best suited for experienced growers.
To help your Vanda Orchid thrive, provide bright, indirect light, high humidity, consistent moisture, and good air circulation. These orchids can be grown in baskets or mounted on a substrate, such as cork or tree fern, to mimic their natural growth habits. With proper care, Vanda Orchids will reward you with an impressive display of color and fragrance.
- Height: Up to 36 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Provide high humidity, consistent moisture, and good air circulation
- Fun fact: Vanda orchids are commonly used in leis and corsages due to their striking colors and long-lasting blooms
Brassia Orchid (Brassia spp.) – Spider Orchid
Brassia Orchids, commonly known as Spider Orchids, are native to Central and South America. These striking orchids produce long, slender petals and sepals that resemble spider legs, giving them their unique appearance. The flowers come in various colors, including green, yellow, brown, and combinations of these shades.
Spider Orchids prefer bright, indirect light and moderate to high humidity levels. They thrive in temperatures between 55-85°F. Water the plant when the potting mix starts to dry out and use a well-draining orchid mix.
- Height: 1-3 feet
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain moderate to high humidity, water when potting mix is dry
- Fun fact: The unique shape of Brassia Orchid flowers has evolved to attract spider-hunting wasps for pollination.
Odontoglossum Orchid (Odontoglossum spp.)
Odontoglossum Orchids are native to the cool, high-elevation cloud forests of Central and South America. These orchids are admired for their striking, butterfly-like flowers, which come in a range of colors and patterns, including white, yellow, pink, and even deep red. Their blooms can last up to several weeks, adding a long-lasting touch of elegance to any space.
Odontoglossum Orchids prefer cooler temperatures, ideally between 55-75°F, and require high humidity levels. They enjoy medium to bright, indirect light, which promotes healthy growth and abundant blooming. Be sure to use a well-draining orchid mix and water these plants regularly, allowing the potting mix to dry slightly between waterings.
- Height: 1-2 feet
- Sunlight: Medium to bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain high humidity, water regularly, and provide cooler temperatures
- Fun fact: Odontoglossum Orchids are commonly referred to as “Butterfly Orchids” because their stunning flowers resemble the delicate wings of butterflies.
Ludisia Orchid (Ludisia discolor) – Jewel Orchid
The Jewel Orchid stands out among other orchids with its stunning, velvety foliage that draws the eye, rather than its flowers. Native to Southeast Asia, the Jewel Orchid is perfect for darker spaces, as it prefers low light conditions. This beauty will add a touch of elegance to any room with its deep green, red-veined leaves.
These orchids flourish in low to medium light and require consistent moisture and high humidity. Use a well-draining, peat-based potting mix to ensure healthy growth. With proper care, the Jewel Orchid will add a touch of glamour to any space.
- Height: 6-12 inches
- Sunlight: Low to medium, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture and provide high humidity
- Fun fact: Ludisia discolor is one of the few orchids that primarily grows in the soil rather than being epiphytic
Masdevallia Orchid (Masdevallia spp.)
Masdevallia Orchids are native to the high-elevation cloud forests of Central and South America. These exotic orchids are known for their vibrant colors and unique, triangular-shaped flowers that often feature long, slender tails. Masdevallias come in a variety of sizes, and their small stature makes them a great option for those with limited space.
These orchids prefer cooler temperatures, ranging from 55-75°F, and thrive in high humidity environments. They do well in low to medium light, making them suitable for growing in a shaded spot indoors. Masdevallia Orchids need to be kept consistently moist, so be sure to water them regularly and provide a well-draining orchid mix.
- Height: 4-12 inches
- Sunlight: Low to medium, indirect light
- Growing tips: Keep consistently moist, provide high humidity
- Fun fact: Masdevallia Orchids are also known as “Triangle Orchids” due to their uniquely shaped flowers.
Zygopetalum Orchid (Zygopetalum spp.)
Zygopetalum orchids are a stunning choice for those looking to add a touch of the exotic to their home. With striking, fragrant flowers and bold, mottled foliage, these orchids are sure to make a statement. Native to South America, Zygopetalum orchids prefer moderate light and humidity levels, making them a relatively easy addition to your houseplant collection.
These orchids flourish in medium, indirect light and require consistent moisture and well-draining potting mix. They grow best in temperatures ranging from 55-85°F. By providing the right conditions, your Zygopetalum orchid will reward you with a vibrant display of color and scent.
- Height: 12-24 inches
- Sunlight: Medium, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture and provide moderate humidity
- Fun fact: Zygopetalum orchids are named after the Greek words “zygon” (yoke) and “petalon” (petal) due to the yoke-like growth connecting the flower’s sepals and petals
Encyclia Orchid (Encyclia spp.)
Encyclia orchids are a delightful addition to any home, thanks to their star-shaped, fragrant flowers and long-lasting blooms. Native to tropical America, these orchids thrive in warm temperatures and moderate light, making them a relatively easy-to-care-for choice for orchid enthusiasts.
To help your Encyclia orchid flourish, provide medium, indirect light, and maintain consistent moisture. Use a well-draining orchid mix to ensure healthy root growth. With proper care, your Encyclia orchid will become a beautiful, fragrant focal point in your home.
- Height: 12-24 inches
- Sunlight: Medium, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture and provide moderate humidity
- Fun fact: Encyclia orchids are sometimes called “cockleshell orchids” because of their seashell-like lip
Epidendrum Orchid (Epidendrum spp.)
Epidendrum orchids are prized for their bright, colorful flowers and tall, reed-like stems. Native to Central and South America, these orchids are adaptable and can grow in various conditions, making them a great choice for both beginners and experienced orchid growers.
These orchids thrive in bright, indirect light and require consistent moisture. They can tolerate a range of temperatures, but generally prefer 50-80°F. With proper care, your Epidendrum orchid will delight you with its vibrant, long-lasting blooms.
- Height: 12-36 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture and provide moderate humidity
- Fun fact: Some Epidendrum orchids can produce flowers for several months in a row
Vanilla Orchid (Vanilla spp.)
The Vanilla Orchid is a fascinating addition to any houseplant collection, as it is the source of natural vanilla flavoring. Native to Central and South America, these orchids are climbing vines that produce beautiful, fragrant flowers. However, they can be challenging to grow indoors due to their need for a specific pollinator to produce the coveted vanilla beans.
To grow a Vanilla Orchid, provide bright, indirect light, high humidity, and consistent moisture. Use a well-draining potting mix and support the vine with a trellis or stake. While the chances of producing vanilla beans indoors are slim, the Vanilla Orchid’s flowers and foliage are still an attractive and intriguing addition to your home.
- Height: Climbing vine, can reach several feet
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture and provide high humidity, support the vine with a trellis or stake
- Fun fact: The vanilla bean is the seed pod of the Vanilla Orchid, and it can take up to nine months for the pods to mature after pollination
Angraecum Orchid (Angraecum spp.)
Angraecum orchids, native to Africa and Madagascar, are known for their elegant, star-shaped flowers that often emit a sweet fragrance at night. These orchids have an otherworldly beauty and can be an exquisite addition to any indoor space.
To care for an Angraecum orchid, provide bright, indirect light, and maintain consistent moisture in a well-draining potting mix. They prefer moderate to high humidity and temperatures ranging from 55-85°F. With the proper care, your Angraecum orchid will enchant you with its delicate, fragrant blossoms.
- Height: 6-24 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture, provide moderate to high humidity
- Fun fact: Charles Darwin predicted the existence of a moth with a long proboscis to pollinate Angraecum sesquipedale, a prediction later confirmed by the discovery of the hawk moth Xanthopan morganii praedicta
Lycaste Orchid (Lycaste spp.)
Lycaste orchids are a captivating addition to any houseplant collection with their large, showy flowers and attractive, deciduous foliage. Native to Central and South America, these orchids thrive in intermediate to cool temperatures and can be a delightful presence in any home or office.
To grow a Lycaste orchid, provide bright, indirect light, and maintain consistent moisture in a well-draining orchid mix. They prefer moderate humidity and temperatures ranging from 50-80°F. With proper care, your Lycaste orchid will reward you with an impressive display of stunning blooms.
- Height: 12-24 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture, provide moderate humidity, and cool to intermediate temperatures
- Fun fact: Lycaste orchids are known to drop their leaves in winter, which allows the plant to tolerate lower light levels during this time
Coelogyne Orchid (Coelogyne spp.)
Coelogyne orchids are a charming addition to any home, with their beautiful, cascading flowers and delicate fragrance. Native to Asia, these orchids can be found in various habitats, from tropical rainforests to cool mountain meadows. Their adaptability makes them an excellent choice for both beginners and experienced growers.
To care for a Coelogyne orchid, provide bright, indirect light, and maintain consistent moisture in a well-draining potting mix. They prefer moderate to high humidity and temperatures ranging from 55-85°F. With the right conditions, your Coelogyne orchid will charm you with its lovely, cascading blooms.
- Height: 8-24 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture, provide moderate to high humidity
- Fun fact: Coelogyne orchids are also known as “necklace orchids” due to their long, pendant-like flower clusters
Laelia Orchid (Laelia spp.)
Laelia orchids are known for their vibrant, stunning flowers and ease of care, making them a popular choice among orchid enthusiasts. Native to Central and South America, these orchids are epiphytic and can be found growing on trees in their natural habitat.
To care for a Laelia orchid, provide bright, indirect light, and maintain consistent moisture in a well-draining potting mix. They prefer moderate to high humidity and temperatures ranging from 55-85°F. Laelia orchids can be grown mounted on a substrate or in a pot with a well-draining orchid mix. With the right conditions, your Laelia orchid will delight you with its brilliant, show-stopping blooms.
- Height: 8-24 inches
- Sunlight: Bright, indirect light
- Growing tips: Maintain consistent moisture, provide moderate to high humidity
- Fun fact: Laelia orchids are closely related to Cattleya orchids, and many hybrids between the two genera have been created, known as Laeliocattleya orchids.
FAQs
How often should I water my orchid?
The frequency of watering your orchid depends on factors such as the type of orchid, potting medium, and environmental conditions. Typically, most orchids should be watered once a week during cooler months and twice a week during warmer months. It’s important to allow the potting medium to dry out slightly between waterings to prevent overwatering and root rot.
What is the best type of potting mix for orchids?
Orchids require a well-draining potting mix that allows air circulation around their roots. A mix of bark, sphagnum moss, and perlite is commonly used for many types of orchids. Some species may have specific potting mix requirements, so it’s essential to research the specific needs of your orchid.
How can I tell if my orchid is getting enough light?
Orchids generally prefer bright, indirect light. A healthy orchid receiving adequate light will have firm, green leaves. If the leaves are dark green and the plant isn’t blooming, it may not be getting enough light. Conversely, if the leaves are yellow or have red spots, it may be receiving too much light.
How do I properly repot an orchid?
To repot an orchid, carefully remove the plant from its current pot, trim away any dead or rotting roots, and then place it in a new pot with fresh potting mix. Orchids typically need to be repotted every 1-2 years to maintain healthy growth and prevent root rot.
What are common orchid pests and diseases, and how can I prevent or treat them?
Common orchid pests include mealybugs, scale insects, and spider mites. To prevent infestations, inspect your orchid regularly and keep the growing area clean. If pests are found, treat the affected areas with insecticidal soap or a solution of water and dish soap. For diseases such as fungal and bacterial infections, maintain proper watering and air circulation to prevent their development. If a disease is present, remove the affected parts and treat the plant with a fungicide or bactericide.
Can I grow orchids outdoors or only indoors?
Some orchids can be grown outdoors, depending on your climate and the specific orchid type. Many tropical orchids require consistent temperatures and humidity levels that are difficult to replicate outdoors in temperate climates. However, some species, like Cymbidiums, can tolerate cooler temperatures and may be grown outdoors in milder climates.
What is the best way to encourage my orchid to bloom again?
To encourage an orchid to bloom again, ensure it’s receiving the proper amount of light, water, and nutrients. Provide a balanced orchid fertilizer during the growing season, and reduce watering and fertilizing during the plant’s rest period. Additionally, maintaining a consistent day-to-night temperature difference can help stimulate blooming.
How do I care for an orchid after it has finished blooming?
After your orchid has finished blooming, continue to provide proper care, including light, water, and fertilization. Some orchids may benefit from pruning the spent flower spike to encourage new growth and future blooms. Others may require a rest period with reduced water and fertilizer before blooming again.
Are orchids toxic to pets?
Most orchids are considered non-toxic to pets, including cats and dogs. However, individual pets may have varying sensitivities, and it’s always best to keep plants out of their reach to prevent any accidental ingestion.
How do I propagate an orchid?
Orchids can be propagated through various methods, including division, stem cuttings, or keiki (baby plant) development. The method used depends on the type of orchid and its growth habits. For sympodial orchids, such as Cattleya and Oncidium, division is the easiest method. When repotting, carefully divide the plant into sections, each with at least three pseudobulbs, and repot them separately. Monopodial orchids, like Phalaenopsis, can be propagated by removing a keiki (a small plant growing from the mother plant) and potting it separately once it has developed a few roots. Always use sterilized cutting tools to prevent the spread of disease.
Why are my orchid’s roots growing out of the pot?
Orchids are epiphytic plants, meaning they naturally grow attached to other plants, such as tree trunks, in their native habitats. As a result, they have aerial roots that extend out of the potting mix to absorb moisture and nutrients from the surrounding environment. This is a normal part of their growth habit and not a sign of distress. It’s important to provide proper air circulation and humidity levels to keep the aerial roots healthy.
How can I increase humidity for my orchid without causing root rot?
To increase humidity around your orchid without causing root rot, you can use a humidity tray. Place a layer of pebbles or gravel in a shallow tray, fill it with water just below the top of the pebbles, and set your orchid pot on top. The water will evaporate and create a humid microclimate around the plant without soaking the potting mix. Alternatively, you can use a humidifier or group your orchids together to increase the humidity in their environment.
Which type of orchid is the best for houseplant beginners?
The best orchid for houseplant beginners is the Phalaenopsis, or moth orchid. They are widely available, relatively inexpensive, and have lower light requirements compared to other orchids, making them suitable for growing indoors. Their care is straightforward and they are generally forgiving of beginner mistakes. Moth orchids can bloom for several months, providing long-lasting beauty in your home.
How do I know what type of orchid I have?
To determine what type of orchid you have, observe the plant’s growth habit, foliage, and flowers. Each type of orchid has distinct characteristics that can help you identify it. You can consult a field guide or search online for images of different orchid types to compare with your plant. If you still can’t identify it, consider reaching out to a local orchid society or an experienced orchid grower for assistance.
What is the hardest orchid to take care of?
The hardest orchids to take care of are generally those with very specific growing conditions that are difficult to replicate in a home environment. One such example is the Masdevallia orchid. These orchids are native to high-elevation cloud forests and require cool temperatures, high humidity, and constant air circulation to thrive. Without a carefully controlled environment, they can be challenging to grow successfully. However, difficulty can vary between species and individual plants, so it’s important to research the specific needs of the orchid you’re interested in growing.